How to do Poultry Farming?  
Poultry farming is a rapidly developing business which can be adopted by any one for earning an additional income. It can be done as a part time as well as full time enterprise. To be successful in poultry farming it is essential to know the finer points and learning them. A slight carelessness may result in heavy losses. Now question comes in mind how to become successful poultry farmers?
Before adopting poultry farming as an enterprise following points to be considered:

1. Since it’s a type of livestock farming, the growth is slow as compared to many other enterprises. Hence never expected huge and handsome profits from this venture it means that a poultry farmer can earn the profit to a certain extents/limits.
2. Poultry farming needs your 24 yours attention. You can’t shut down this business at your will as can be practiced in other business. Hence, you must have got sufficient time to take timely and proper care of your birds.
3. Never compare this enterprise with any other enterprise. It has its own character and nature.
4. Poultry farming is a continuous cycle. Your concerted efforts are needed at every step. Never dishearten in adverse conditions.
5. Poultry business is quite fluctuating. Never get overjoyed when rates are higher and depressed in the worst period.
6. Must have firm belief in your self and have the ability to take the decision promptly. Must have cool temperament.
7. Visit as many as poultry farms possible and discuss with poultry farmers about this venture. Search more for negative points than the positive points.

Now judge yourself regarding above mentioned points. If your opinion is positive in favor of poultry farming, explore the following in details:

1. Easy and economic availability of the inputs such as chicks, feed, medicines, vaccines equipments etc.
2. Marketing facilities and prospects.
3. Sufficient availability of wholesome water
4. Technical expertise or technical know how.

If the following facilities re available in your area, you can start a poultry farm.
How to start a poultry farm?
To be successful in a business or enterprise proper knowledge and technical know how is required. The State Agriculture Universities, Central Institutes and State Animal Husbandry Departments organize training programmes on poultry farming from time to time. These trainings give sufficient exposure to trainees about poultry farming. Besides training, one must visit nearby poultry farms to have first hand information and practical exposure of poultry farming.
Now plan your poultry farm, decide about the type of poultry farming-layer/broiler, size of farm system of housing-cage/deep litter, type of equipments etc. Now make your project report on the baiss of above information. Take the help of poultry consultant in planning and preparing the project report of your poultry farm. Plan your farm according to resources available at hand.
As per your project requirement arrange the finance. Finance can be of your own or it can be borrowed from bank as loan. All the nationalization banks offer loan for poultry farming. For obtaining loan from the banks one has to complete al the formalities and has to follow the guidelines of financing bank.
Execution of project: It is the most important component of poultry farming which includes construction of poultry house, making availability of inputs, rearing of poultry birds, marketing etc. This can be divided into two:

• Project Execution Phase I: In this phase the construction of basic infrastructures and availability of inputs are assured. It is the most critical phase in poultry farming. Designing and construction should be done under the supervision of poultry expert. The environmental requirements of poultry birds should be considered while designing and constructing the poultry house.  A scientifically constructed good poultry housing add comfort to poultry birds and helpful in increasing productivity of birds. On the other hand a poorly constructed house all the time creates problems to poultry birds and with the result there is every possibility of loss to poultry farmers. All the equipments also should be of good quality.
• Project Execution Phase II: During this phase actual rearing of poultry birds takes place with. With the help of your poultry consultants decide about the breed/variety of poultry birds, type of feed and its formulation, management strategy, disease control programme, marketing strategy and other poultry operations. Record every thing in writing to avoid the error. All the necessary preparation is made well in advance. Follow the instructions/ guidelines strictly as given by the poultry consultant from time to time. Keep your close eye on each and every operation on poultry farm. If any thing adverse is observed, immediately consult the poultry consultant for feasible solution. Remove/correct the defects at once.

There is a very narrow gap between profit and loss. Hence their utmost duty is to keep the cost of production at a minimum level i.e. less input more output. All the poultry operations must cost effective and strict vigil should be kept on these to have economic production. Never spend the money unnecessarily and lavishly. Always search for most economic and effective solution for the problems. Never hesitate to consult your poultry advisor whatever the problem, whether it is small or big.
If poultry farming is done skillfully with full efficiency, a satisfactory profit can be earned from this venture and this business can further be extended.

Why poultry farming?
Poultry are efficient converter of food into egg and meat and feed items unsuitable for human consumption and bye products can be used successfully as feed for poultry. Egg contains 12.0% protein, 11.3% fat and 1% carbohydrate white broiler meat contains 18.2% protein and 6. 2% fat of higher biological value.
Poultry farming can be done on small as well as large scale. When it is done as small scale venture, the investment is also minimal. Hence it is an important enterprise foe self employment.

1. Due to small generation interval the returns from this venture is quite quick compared to other livestock species. In layer farm income starts giving after 6 months while in meat production it starts after 2 months.
2. Beside the use of poultry as food its manure is a boon to agriculture farming. Forty layer birds produce one ton of poultry manure in 18 months on deep litters which sufficient for 1 acre of land. Poultry manure is a rich source of organic matter nitrogen; phosphorus average poultry manure contains 2.6% nitrogen, 2.0% phosphorus and 1.5 % potash and trace elements.
3. The biggest advantage with the poultry is that it can be done as family business where all the members whether male or female, adult or children, old or young can contribute substantially for successfully running of this enterprise. Thus it provides sufficient job opportunities for all the members of family.
4. Poultry farming can be done in the back yard and due to this reason it is playing an important role in the social and economic uplifting of  weaker section of the society.

Progress of poultry industry in India: In India till 1960 poultry farming is usually confined to Back yard poultry farming due to low production of Indian breeds, lack of technical knowledge, poor consumption of eggs and meat uneconomic rates and certain misnomers regarding poultry farming were the main hurdles responsible for the poor growth of this sector.
During the past three decades poultry Industry has experienced tremendous growth rate due to changed thinking, technical progress and better health management of poultry birds.  At present poultry farming is a scientific and organized industry and playing an important role in creating job opportunities. At present the whole country is covered with poultry units. Govt. private sectors both are playing important role in the development of this sector.
For the first time in 1957, three thousand (3000) chicks of improved breeds were brought under USID programme. Five thousand (5000) fertile eggs of improved breed i.e. white leghorn, New Hampshire and white Cornish were also brought. Three leading private companies of America had established their farms in Delhi, Pune and Karnal.
These companies proved the good source of quality chicks. The industries related to poultry farming also experienced rapid growth. Various companies engaged in manufacturing of the inputs such as equipments, feed, medicines and vaccines have played significant role in supplying these inputs. Due emphasis has been given Five Years Plan in India. For fulfilling the goal of poultry development and exploiting the potential of improved breeds of poultry, Central Poultry Breeding Farms were established at Delhi, Shimla, Bhubneshwar and Mumbai. Thousands of chicks were supplied to farmers through these farms. Organized breeding programmes were also run by these farms. HH 260 and IBL 80 are the results of these programmes.
Central Avian Research Institute, Izat Nagar also developed the improved breeds of layers and broilers. Due emphasis was also given on the development of Indigenous breeds of poultry with the help of imported breeds of poultry. Now with these efforts, sufficient quantity of hybrid chicks of broilers and layer are also available in India with sufficient availability of balanced feed, vaccines, medicines and other inputs. Per capita consumption of poultry meat and egg is low as compare to developed countries. Hence, there are ample opportunities in this sector.
Problems in poultry industry and challenges: Poultry development is chiefly confined in cities or near by cities. At present rural areas are still lacking in basic infra structure for poultry development and adequate know-how is also not available in the rural areas.  In spite of the extensive development in this field, the efficient experts are in shortage. With the result farmers have to depend upon chick suppliers, feed and medicine dealers and such other persons for their technical needs which may result in lesser profits and some time losses also.
A large number of companies have come in the field of production of poultry feed, vaccines, medicines and equipments etc. With the results, it is difficult to select quality product because most of the companies are interested in their own profits and ignoring the interest of the farmers.
Due to lack of proper distribution and marketing facilities, farmers have to suffer loss in spite of high production while consumers have to pay higher cost of the poultry produce.
The cost of various poultry inputs are increasing day by day with no proportionate increase in poultry products and with the result there is drop in profits.
In present context, it is necessary that the maximum production be done at minimum inputs. Hence, high quality technologies be developed in this field and subsequently be transferred to farmers. A strict quality control measures should be applied at each stage of poultry production.  An effective and efficient marketing system should be developed for marketing the poultry products to ensure proper and satisfactory price for their produce.
In rural areas the poultry production is practiced as backyard venture. Hence, suitable breed and techniques should be developed so that the poultry farming can be done at very low cost with better efficiency.

Objectives: The basic objectives of poultry farming in Uttarakhand may be as follows:

• To generate self employment in unemployed youth, school drop out and retired personnel.
• To alter economic and nutritional status of the rural people of Uttarakhand through poultry farming.
• To increase the production potential of agriculture land by using poultry manure.
• To find out suitable poultry strains for dual broiler and layer farming at differant attituoles of the state.

Poultry occupies a very important place in all domesticated animals. A large chunk of income from livestock industry is contributed by poultry industry. Hence, its importance is increasing day by day in developed and developing countries. Poultry includes a group of birds comprising chickens, ducks, turkeys, quails, guinea fowl; geese etc. out of these chickens occupy an important place.
Domestication of poultry is practiced from ancient time but it is very difficult to say at what time they are first domesticated in the world. Its first authentic records are available in Asian sub-continent. Domestication of poultry is not new in India. They were present 2500 B.C. in Indus Valley Civilization. From India, poultry birds traveled to different parts of the world. In ancient time poultry birds were reared for different purposes such as for its fighting ability. In old civilization, the cocks are known for their morning alarm and the selection is also done for these traits. Their fighting ability is more responsible for their spread than there nutritive value of the chickens. The selection and breeding of chickens was done for their fighting ability by Greek people while it was for the benefit of farmers by Roman people. In ancient time some breeds of chickens are comparable with modern breeds of poultry with regards to egg production. It is assumed that the evolution of modern day chickens have taken from the following four breeds of wild bird belonging to genus Gallus:

1. Gallus gallus (Red jungle fowl)
   
2. Gallus lafayettei (Ceylone jungle fowl)
   
3. Gallus sonneratii (Grey jungle fowl)
   
4. Gallus varius ((Java jungle fowl)
   

Some of the scientists are of the opinion that the modern poultry have its origin from Red jungle fowl while Asian breeds have their origin from more than one breed of jungle fowl.
Breeding and selection of poultry in ancient time were done primarily on the basis of region and the requirements of people living in that region and the breeds were known by the name of the regions such as Rohde Island Red, New Hampshire etc. Previously the poultry birds were known for its fighting abilities but now days they are more important due to highly nutritive eggs and poultry meat and the breeding and selection of poultry is being done for these traits.

Poultry Farming

 Introduction Before 1950, Poultry keeping in India was largely a backyard venture. During last 3-4 decades Indian poultry industry has shown excellent growth and India has emerged as the fourth largest egg production and 3rd largest in broiler production in the world. Poultry farming is a profitable venture as a means of lively hood and income prosperity for hilly areas. Poultry farming can play an important role in various sociology – economic development by way of providing employment, supplementary income and productive food to all section of Uttarakhand. The small and marginal farmers of Uttarakhand may choose alternative method for generating good income with their limited land and water use. The demand of eggs and poultry meat is continuously on in erease in Uttarakhand, but the production of eggs and poultry meat in the state is not sufficient

to meet out the demand. Keeping in view of demand of poultry eggs and meat in the Uttarakhand and its potential for income and employment generation, there is a need to increase the poultry production in the state.

 

Merits: In comparison to other livestock species poultry has following qualities as:

1. Poultry needs small land and resources than needed for other livestock species.
2. Back yard poultry farming specially for BPL families can do on local feeds and kitchen waste, which may be additional source of income of women.
3. Poultry meat and eggs may be a best solution of malnutrition problem of the state.
4. Poultry manure is rich in nutriants in comparison to other livestock speetes manure and has good for vegetable and other crops.
5. The growth rate of poultry (Broilers) is very fast. If reared in organized way, a house hold can earn Rs. 15 -20 per bird net profit at the market age (4-5th weeks) of the bird.

THE NATURAL TREATMENT WITH QUAIL'S EGGS

The quail started to be tamed in COREEA, China and Japan between 1300 a.d. For valueing them, the japanes farmers built for the quails some wooden cages of mahogany wood inlayed with gold, silver and ivory, also perls. Also in Japan, our century,it has been started the exploitation of quails for fowl an eggs. The famous therapy is more accepted by medicine being a cure as they proved - the protein from the egg, the lack of colesterol, makes the egg to be diet egg, the large accumulation of vitamines: B1, B2, A, D3, E. The nourishing value at 100g is: 678 kJ, protein 11,6% the grease 14%, the minerals 0,9%.
The benefit of the curative treatment with the quail's egg is very good for the kids too, stimulating the growing of the methabolism (100 eggs) and over the neurogenetical system (125 eggs) the refreshment of the health state and also the ballance of the old organisms, stopping the pocesses of the degenerating organism (240 eggs); the improvement of the IQ and also of the memory and the protection of the nerv cell, the increase of the sexual pottential (120 eggs). We also may talk about reinceforcement of the weak organisms owing to the physical use (240 eggs); the energetical revival of the organisms (240 eggs) in the period pre and post- birth (the effects are also good for the carry birth) after the surgery the incoming very fast also after stress and exhaustion (240 eggs). The multiply of the effects by the doctor are done in TBC (240 eggs); the desease terapy regarding heart, also the dygestive
desease, and also the pressure a blood and a skin and the hair (240 or 50 eggs). The curative quail's egg it is also use as a treatment of stopping any other deseases and there is no unadvisable. because of the antialergical effect it is also a good result for the medical treatments over the body. Quail's egg are used in treatments between 120-140 egg/perd. But the cure is stopped by long rests of 21-120 days and you can start again 3-4 times. (for more details please contact us)

ADMINISTRATION PROCEDURE

Age	Total eggs	Eggs per day				until day
		1 st day	2 nd day	3 rd day	from 4 th day
Adult	240	3	3	4	5	49 th
Adult	120	3	3	4	5	25 th
16 - 18 years	120	3	3	4	5	25 th
11 - 15 years	120	3	3	3	4	31 th
8 - 10 years	90	3	3	3	3	31 th
4 - 7 years	60	3	3	3	3	20 th
1 - 3 years	60	2	2	2	2	30 th
3 months - 1 year	30	1	1	1	1	30 th

N.B. the eggs has to be comsumed fresh, being kept at 4-8° C coldness. You have to eat eggs in the morning, on empty stomach. It is also good as the eggs to be washed before breaking. for adults it is better to stab the 2 opposite poles of an egg, and to drink the substance from one pole. Another method could be the breaking egg in a glass and the freaking whiteness of the egg and also of the yolk egg with sugar or honey. The first meal it is served after 3-4 h. Regarding the youth you can separate the yolk and eat it with honey after 1 hour. For the children you can separate the yolk making it sweet or using it with milk. the first meal you may take after 30 min.
BEWARE: the comsume of the alcohol will destroy the treatment (cure).

காடை வளர்ப்பு

காடை வளர்ப்பு தமிழ்நாட்டில் பிரபலமாகிக் கொண்டு வருகின்றது. காடைகள் பெரும்பாலும் இறைச்சிக்காக வளர்க்கப்படுகின்றன. டெல்லி, சென்னை, பெங்களூரு, திருச்சி, மதுரை மற்றும் கோவை போன்ற மாநகரங்களிலும் தமிழகத்தின் ஏனைய நகரங்களிலும் காடை வளர்ப்புப் பண்ணைகள் பெருமளவில் நடத்தப்படுகின்றன.

இறைச்சிக் காடை வளர்ப்பின் முக்கிய அம்சங்கள்

மிகக் குறைந்த இடத்தில் அதிக எண்ணிக்கையில் ஜப்பானிய காடையை வளர்க்கலாம். கோழிவளர்ப்பினைப் போன்று, அதிக அளவில் முதலீடு தேவையில்லை. இத்தொழிலில் குறைந்த மூலதனத்துடன் சிறிது பயிற்சி பெற்ற யாரேனும் ஈடுபடலாம். ஜப்பானிய காடைகளுக்கு நோய் எதிர்ப்புத் திறன் அதிகம். இதனால் எந்த ஒரு தட்பவெப்ப நிலையிலும் காடைகள் நன்கு வளர்கின்றன. கோழிகளைப் போல் பல தடுப்பூசிகள் அளிக்கவேண்டிய அவசியம் இல்லை. ஜப்பானியக் காடைகள் ஐந்து முதல் ஆறு வாரத்திற்குள் விற்பனைக்குத் தயாராகி விடுகின்றன. இதனால் முதலீடு செய்த குறைந்த நாட்களிலேயே லாபத்தைப் பெற முடியும். ஜப்பானியக் காடை ஆறுவார காலத்தில் அதிகபட்சமாக 500 கிராம் அளவே தீவனம் உட்கோள்வதால் தீவனச் செலவு அதிகமின்றி குறைந்த முதலீட்டில் காடை வளர்ப்பை மேற்கொள்ள முடிகின்றது.

ஜப்பானியக் காடை இறைச்சி

சுத்தம் செய்யப்பட்ட காடை இறைச்சியின் எடை உயிருள்ள காடை எடையில் சுமார் 65 முதல் 70 சதவிகிதம் வரை இருக்கும். சுமார் 140 கிராம் எடை உள்ள காடையைச் சுத்தம் செய்தால் 100 கிராம் எடையுள்ள இறைச்சி கிடைக்கும். காடை இறைச்சி மிகவும் சுவையாக இருப்பதால் நல்ல விற்பனை விலை கிடைக்கின்றது. காடை இறைச்சியில் அதிகப் புரதமும் (20.5 சதவிகிதம்) குறைந்த அளவு கொழுப்பும் (5.8 சதவிகிதம்) இருப்பதால் குழந்தைகளுக்கும் பெரியவர்களுக்கும் ஏற்ற உணவாய் கருதப்படுகின்றது.

ஜப்பானியக் காடை விற்பனை

ஒரு காடை வளர்ப்புக்கு ரூ. 16 வீதம் செலவாகும். ஒரு நாள் காடை குஞ்சு ரூ. 7 ஆகும். தீவனம் அதிகபட்சமாக 450 கிராம் கொடுக்க வேண்டியிருப்பதால் ரூ. 9 ஆகும். மற்றைய செலவு 50 காசு ஆக மொத்தம் ரூ. 7.50 ஒரு காடையை உற்பத்தி செய்து ரூ. 28க்கு விற்கலாம். ஆகவே ஒரு காடை வளர்ப்பு மூலம் ரூ. 12 கிடைக்க வாய்ப்புள்ளது. காடையை இறைச்சிக்காக விற்பனை செய்தால் அதிக இலாபம் கிடைக்கும்.

With Quail eggs, you get the high protein foods that your muscles need. Unlike many protein powders and bars riddled with wasteful fat and sugars, quail eggs do no waste extra calories on carbohydrates and fat. For those of you need to lose weight, quail eggs allow you to consider low carb diets without feeling guilty of adding excess fat and high cholesterol to your system. Now imagine feeling fuller longer than what you can expect from a shake or bar.

Hi to Everyone ..,

Introduction Japanese quail are hardy birds that thrive in small cages and are inexpensive to keep. They are affected by common poultry diseases but are fairly disease resistant. Japanese quail mature in about 6 weeks and are usually in full egg production by 50 days of age. With proper care, hens should lay 200 eggs in their first year of lay. Life expectancy is only 2 to 2½ years.